Multiple Choice
The cells of multicellular organisms use a variety of molecules as signals which are
a) Amino acids and proteins.
b) Nucleotides and lipids.
c) Dissolved gases like nitric oxide.
d) Only a and b.
e) a, b, and c.
10. Cell Signaling
Introduction to Cell Signaling
Back10. Cell Signaling
Introduction to Cell Signaling
- Multiple Choice
Which of the following is likely to be a response by a receptor protein to an approaching signal molecule?
a) The receptor protein binds to the signal if it has a complementary shape.
b) If the signal is able to bind to the receptor it induces a change in the receptor protein's shape.
c) The change in the receptor protein's shape results in cellular action.
d) All of the above are correct.
- Multiple Choice
Signal transduction pathways:
a) Are necessary for signals to cross the membrane.
b) Include the intracellular events caused by a signal binding to a receptor.
c) Include the extracellular events caused by a signal binding to a receptor.
d) Carry a signaling molecule to the nucleus of a cell.
- Multiple Choice
What does it mean to say that a signal is transduced?
a) The signal enters the cell directly and binds to a receptor inside.
b) The physical form of the signal changes as it passes from the cell membrane to the intracellular target.
c) The signal is amplified, such that even one signal molecule evokes a large response.
d) The signal triggers a sequence of phosphorylation events inside the cell.
- Multiple ChoicePharmaceutical researchers are often interested in blocking particular receptor proteins on cell surfaces. What chemical property of a molecule would be most important for this type of application?
- Multiple ChoiceEvidence that cell signaling evolved early in the history of life comes from __________.
- Multiple ChoiceEarly work on signal transduction and glycogen metabolism by Sutherland indicated that __________.
- Multiple ChoiceWhat did Sutherland discover about glycogen metabolism in liver cells?
- Multiple ChoiceDifferent types of cells can respond differently to the same signaling molecule. Which of the following explains this apparent paradox?
- Multiple ChoiceWhen steroid hormones enter a cell by simple diffusion, they can be said to do what in terms of concentration?
- Multiple ChoiceCells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and cells of the heart respond differently to epinephrine because __________.
- Open QuestionBinding of a signaling molecule to which type of receptor leads directly to a change in the distribution of substances on opposite sides of the membrane?a. intracellular receptorb. G protein-coupled receptorc. phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinase dimerd. ligand-gated ion channel
- Open QuestionWhat does it mean to say that a signal is transduced?a. The signaling molecule enters the cell directly and elicits a cellular response.b. The signal is generated by the production of proteins.c. The physical form of the signal changes between the outside of the cell and the inside.d. The signal is amplified.