11. Momentum & Impulse

Types of Collisions

Open Question
A fake hockey puck of mass 4m has been rigged to explode. Initially the puck is at rest on a frictionless ice rink. Then it bursts into three pieces. One chunk, of mass m, slides across the ice at velocity vî . Another chunk, of mass 2m, slides across the ice at velocity 2v ĵ . Determine the velocity of the third chunk.
Open Question
A massless spring with spring constant k is placed between a block of mass m and a block of mass 3m. Initially the blocks are at rest on a frictionless surface and they are held together so that the spring between them is compressed by an amount D from its equilibrium length. The blocks are then released and the spring pushes them off in opposite directions. Find the speeds of the two blocks when they detach from the spring.
Open Question
A neutron is an electrically neutral subatomic particle with a mass just slightly greater than that of a proton. A free neutron is radioactive and decays after a few minutes into other subatomic particles. In one experiment, a neutron at rest was observed to decay into a proton (mass 1.67×10−²⁷ kg) and an electron (mass 9.11×10−³¹ kg) . The proton and electron were shot out back-to-back. The proton speed was measured to be 1.0 ×10⁵ m/s and the electron speed was 3.0×10⁷ m/s . No other decay products were detected.c. How much momentum did this neutrino 'carry away' with it?
Open Question
The nucleus of the polonium isotope ²¹⁴Po (mass 214 u) is radioactive and decays by emitting an alpha particle (a helium nucleus with mass 4 u). Laboratory experiments measure the speed of the alpha particle to be 1.92×10⁷ m/s . Assuming the polonium nucleus was initially at rest, what is the recoil speed of the nucleus that remains after the decay?
Open Question
INT An object at rest on a flat, horizontal surface explodes into two fragments, one seven times as massive as the other. The heavier fragment slides 8.2 m before stopping. How far does the lighter fragment slide? Assume that both fragments have the same coefficient of kinetic friction.
Open Question
(II) An atomic nucleus initially moving at 320 m/s emits an alpha particle in the direction of its velocity, and the remaining nucleus slows to 280 m/s. If the alpha particle has a mass of 4.0 u and the original nucleus has a mass of 222 u, what speed does the alpha particle have when it is emitted?
Open Question
(II) An atomic nucleus of mass m traveling with speed v collides elastically with a target particle of mass 2m (initially at rest) and is scattered at 90°.
(a) At what angle does the target particle move after the collision?
Open Question
(II) An atomic nucleus of mass m traveling with speed v collides elastically with a target particle of mass 2m (initially at rest) and is scattered at 90°.
(b) What are the final speeds of the two particles?
Open Question
(II) An atomic nucleus of mass m traveling with speed v collides elastically with a target particle of mass 2m (initially at rest) and is scattered at 90°.
(c) What fraction of the initial kinetic energy is transferred to the target particle?
Open Question
simple-questions - 7c5502a8
Open Question
(III) A 3.0-kg block slides along a frictionless tabletop at 8.0 m/s toward a second block (at rest) of mass 4.5 kg. A coil spring, which obeys Hooke’s law and has spring constant k = 850 N/m , is attached to the second block in such a way that it will be compressed when struck by the moving block, Fig. 9–43.
(c) Is the collision elastic? Ignore the mass of the spring.
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Open Question
INT Two hydrogen atoms collide head-on. The collision brings both atoms to a halt. Immediately after the collision, both atoms emit a 121.6 nm photon. What was the speed of each atom just before the collision?