Freshman 15 Refer to Data Set 13 “Freshman 15” and use the second column, which lists weights (kg) in September of college freshmen. Begin with a lower class limit of 40 kg and use a class width of 10 kg. Does the distribution appear to be a normal distribution?

Hershey Kisses Refer to Data Set 38 “Candies” and use the weights (grams) of Hershey’s Kisses. Begin with a lower class limit of 4.300 g and use a class width of 0.100 g. Does this distribution appear to be a normal distribution?

In Exercises 9–12, using a loose interpretation of the criteria for determining whether a frequency distribution is approximately a normal distribution, determine whether the given frequency distribution is approximately a normal distribution. Give a brief explanation.

Blood Platelet Counts of Females Refer to the frequency distribution from Exercise 8

Exercises 29–34 involve large sets of data, so technology should be used. Complete lists of the data are not listed in Appendix B, but they can be downloaded from the website TriolaStats.com. Use the indicated data and construct the frequency distribution.

Systolic Blood Pressure Use the systolic blood pressures of the 300 subjects included in Data Set 1 “Body Data.” Use a class width of 20 mm Hg and begin with a lower class limit of 80 mm Hg. Does the frequency distribution appear to be a normal distribution?

Exercises 29–34 involve large sets of data, so technology should be used. Complete lists of the data are not listed in Appendix B, but they can be downloaded from the website TriolaStats.com. Use the indicated data and construct the frequency distribution.

Diastolic Blood Pressure Use the diastolic blood pressures of the 300 subjects included in Data Set 1 “Body Data.” Use a class width of 15 mm Hg and begin with a lower class limit of 40 mm Hg. Does the frequency distribution appear to be a normal distribution?

Analysis of Last Digits Weights of respondents were recorded as part of the California Health Interview Survey. The last digits of weights from 50 randomly selected respondents are listed below. Construct a frequency distribution with 10 classes. Based on the distribution, do the weights appear to be reported or actually measured? Does there appear to be a gap in the frequencies and, if so, how might that gap be explained? What do you know about the accuracy of the results?

In Exercises 25 and 26, construct the cumulative frequency distribution that corresponds to the frequency distribution in the exercise indicated.

Exercise 5 (Age of Best Actress When Oscar Was Won)

Births Natural births randomly selected from four hospitals in New York State occurred on the days of the week (in the order of Monday through Sunday) with these frequencies: 52, 66, 72, 57, 57, 43, 53. Does it appear that such births occur on the days of the week with equal frequency?

IQ Scores IQ scores of adults are normally distributed. If a large sample of adults is randomly selected and the IQ scores are illustrated in a histogram, what is the shape of that histogram?

In Exercises 9–18, construct the histograms and answer the given questions.

Burger King Dinner Service Times Use the frequency distribution from Exercise 18 in Section 2-1 to construct a histogram. Using a strict interpretation of the criteria for being a normal distribution, does the histogram appear to depict data from a population with a normal distribution?

More IQ Scores The population of IQ scores of adults is normally distributed. If we obtain a voluntary response sample of 5000 of those IQ scores, will a histogram of the sample be bell-shaped?

Cell Phone Radiation If we collect a sample of cell phone radiation amounts much larger than the sample included with Exercise 3, and if our sample includes a single outlier, how will that outlier appear in a histogram?

In Exercises 5–8, answer the questions by referring to the following Minitab-generated histogram, which depicts the weights (grams) of all quarters listed in Data Set 40 “Coin Weights” in Appendix B. (Grams are actually units of mass and the values shown on the horizontal scale are rounded.)

Sample Size What is the approximate number of quarters depicted in the three bars farthest to the left?

In Exercises 5–8, answer the questions by referring to the following Minitab-generated histogram, which depicts the weights (grams) of all quarters listed in Data Set 40 “Coin Weights” in Appendix B. (Grams are actually units of mass and the values shown on the horizontal scale are rounded.)

Class Width and Class Limits Give the approximate values of the class width, and the lower and upper class limits of the class depicted in the bar farthest to the left.

In Exercises 5–8, answer the questions by referring to the following Minitab-generated histogram, which depicts the weights (grams) of all quarters listed in Data Set 40 “Coin Weights” in Appendix B. (Grams are actually units of mass and the values shown on the horizontal scale are rounded.)

Relative Frequency Histogram How would the shape of the histogram change if the vertical scale uses relative frequencies expressed in percentages instead of the actual frequency counts as shown here?

In Exercises 9–18, construct the histograms and answer the given questions.

Chicago Commute Time Use the frequency distribution from Exercise 13 in Section 2-1 to construct a histogram. Does it appear to be the graph of data from a population with a normal distribution?

In Exercises 9–18, construct the histograms and answer the given questions.

Old Faithful Use the frequency distribution from Exercise 15 in Section 2-1 to construct a histogram. Does it appear to be the graph of data from a population with a normal distribution?

In Exercises 9–18, construct the histograms and answer the given questions.

Tornadoes Use the frequency distribution from Exercise 16 in Section 2-1 to construct a histogram. Does the histogram appear to be skewed? If so, identify the type of skewness.

In Exercises 9–18, construct the histograms and answer the given questions.

Hershey’s Kisses Use the frequency distribution from Exercise 20 in Section 2-1 to construct a histogram. In using a strict interpretation of the criteria for being a normal distribution, does the histogram appear to depict data from a population with a normal distribution?

In Exercises 9–18, construct the histograms and answer the given questions.

Analysis of Last Digits Use the frequency distribution from Exercise 21 in Section 2-1 to construct a histogram. What can be concluded from the distribution of the digits? Specifically, do the heights appear to be reported or actually measured?

Interpreting Normal Quantile Plots Which of the following normal quantile plots appear to represent data from a population having a normal distribution? Explain.

Interpreting Normal Quantile Plots Which of the following normal quantile plots appear to represent data from a population having a normal distribution? Explain.

a.

In Exercises 13 and 14, construct the pie chart.

Box Office Boffo Use the data from Exercise 11 “Box Office Boffo.”

"Recent annual gross revenue (millions of dollars) for the leading movie studios are as follows: 20th Century Fox (1082), Buena Vista (3092), Paramount (757), Sony/Columbia (1304), Universal (1772), Warner Brothers (1941)."

In Exercises 15 and 16, construct the frequency polygons.

Presidents Use the frequency distribution from Exercise 14 in Section 2-1 to construct a frequency polygon. Does the graph suggest that the distribution is skewed? If so, how?

Ethics There are data showing that smoking is detrimental to good health. Given that people could be helped and lives could be saved by reducing smoking, is it ethical to graph the data in a way that is misleading by exaggerating the health risks of smoking?

In Exercises 5 and 6, construct the dotplot.

Pulse Rates Listed below are pulse rates (beats per minute) of females selected from Data Set 1 “Body Data” in Appendix B. All of those pulse rates are even numbers. Is there a pulse rate that appears to be an outlier? What is its value?

In Exercises 5 and 6, construct the dotplot.

Diastolic Blood Pressure Listed below are diastolic blood pressure measurements (mm Hg) of females selected from Data Set 1 “Body Data” in Appendix B. All of the values are even numbers. Are there any outliers? If so, identify their values.

In Exercises 9 and 10, construct the time-series graph.

Home Runs Listed below are the numbers of home runs in Major League Baseball for each year beginning with 1993 (listed in order by row). Is there a trend?

In Exercises 11 and 12 construct the Pareto chart.

Box Office Boffo Recent annual gross revenue (millions of dollars) for the leading movie studios are as follows: 20th Century Fox (1082), Buena Vista (3092), Paramount (757), Sony/Columbia (1304), Universal (1772), Warner Brothers (1941). Are these data likely to be reasonably accurate?

In Exercises 15 and 16, construct the frequency polygons.

Chicago Commute Times Use the frequency distribution from Exercise 13 in Section 2-1 to construct a frequency polygon. Does the graph suggest that the distribution is skewed? If so, how?