Putting Graphs in Context In Exercises 5–8, match the plot with the description of the sample.

a. Times (in minutes) it takes a sample of employees to drive to work

b. Grade point averages of a sample of students with finance majors

c. Top speeds (in miles per hour) of a sample of high-performance sports cars

d. Ages (in years) of a sample of residents of a retirement home

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 9–12, use the stem-and-leaf plot or dot plot to list the actual data entries. What is the maximum data entry? What is the minimum data entry?

Using and Interpreting Concepts

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 13–16, give three observations that can be made from the graph.

Graphing Data Sets In Exercises 17–32, organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns.

Nursing Use a stem-and-leaf plot to display the data, which represent the number of hours 24 nurses work per week. 

40 40 35 48 38 40 36 50 32 36 40 35

30 24 40 36 40 36 40 39 33 40 32 38

Graphing Data Sets In Exercises 17–32, organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns.

Highest-Paid Athletes Use a stem-and-leaf plot that has two rows for each stem to display the data, which represent the incomes (in millions) of the top 30 highest-paid athletes. (Source: Forbes Media LLC)

39 42 41 45 48 48 106 45 88 54 61 37 62 74 40

47 56 57 105 96 37 48 41 64 52 47 45 59 49 104

Graphing Data Sets In Exercises 17–32, organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns.

Life Spans of Houseflies Use a dot plot to display the data, which represent the life spans (in days) of 30 houseflies. 

9 9 4 11 10 5 13 9 7 11 6 8 14 10 6 

10 10 7 14 11 7 8 6 13 10 14 14 8 13 10

Graphing Data Sets In Exercises 17–32, organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns.

Smartphone Sales The five best-selling smartphone manufacturers of 2020 were Apple (206.1 million units), Huawei (189.0 million units), Samsung (266.7 million units), vivo (111.7 million units), and Xiaomi (147.8 million units). Use a Pareto chart to display the data. (Source: International Data Corporation)

Phone Screen Sizes Display the data below in a dot plot. Describe the differences in how the stem-and-leaf plot and the dot plot show patterns in the data.

Graphing Data Sets In Exercises 17–32, organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns.

Engineering Degrees Use a time series chart to display the data shown in the table. The data represent the number of bachelor’s degrees in engineering (in thousands) conferred in the U.S. (Source: U.S. Deapartment of Education)

Extending Concepts

A Misleading Graph? A misleading graph is not drawn appropriately, which can misrepresent data and lead to false conclusions. In Exercises 37–40, (a) explain why the graph is misleading, and (b) redraw the graph so that it is not misleading.

Extending Concepts

A Misleading Graph? A misleading graph is not drawn appropriately, which can misrepresent data and lead to false conclusions. In Exercises 37–40, (a) explain why the graph is misleading, and (b) redraw the graph so that it is not misleading.

Yoga Classes The data sets at the left show the ages of all participants in two yoga classes.

a. Make a back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot as described in Exercise 41 to display the data.

Shifting Data Sample annual salaries (in thousands of dollars) for employees at a company are listed.

40   35   49   53   38   39   40

37   49   34   38   43   47   35

a. Find the sample mean and the sample standard deviation.

Extending Concepts

Golf The distances (in yards) for nine holes of a golf course are listed.

336 393 408 522 147 504 177 375 360

d. Use your results from part (c) to explain how to quickly find the mean and the median of the original data set when the distances are converted to inches.

Extending Concepts

Golf The distances (in yards) for nine holes of a golf course are listed.

336 393 408 522 147 504 177 375 360

b. Convert the distances to feet. Then rework part (a).

Extending Concepts

Golf The distances (in yards) for nine holes of a golf course are listed.

336 393 408 522 147 504 177 375 360

c. Compare the measures you found in part (b) with those found in part (a). What do you notice?

Matching In Exercises 13–16, match the distribution with one of the graphs in Exercises 9–12. Justify your decision.

The frequency distribution of mileages of service vehicles at a business where a few vehicles have much higher mileages than the majority of vehicles

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 9–12, determine whether the approximate shape of the distribution in the histogram is symmetric, uniform, skewed left, skewed right, or none of these. Justify your answer.

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 9–12, determine whether the approximate shape of the distribution in the histogram is symmetric, uniform, skewed left, skewed right, or none of these. Justify your answer.

Building Basic Skills and Vocabulary

True or False? In Exercises 1– 4, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement.

A data set can have the same mean, median, and mode.

Constructing Data Sets In Exercises 5– 8, construct the described data set. The entries in the data set cannot all be the same.

Mean and median are the same and the data is bimodal.

Using and Interpreting Concepts

Finding and Discussing the Mean, Median, and Mode In Exercises 17–34, find the mean, the median, and the mode of the data, if possible. If any measure cannot be found or does not represent the center of the data, explain why.

Cholesterol The cholesterol levels of a sample of 10 female employees

154 240 171 188 235 203 184 173 181 275

Using and Interpreting Concepts

Finding and Discussing the Mean, Median, and Mode In Exercises 17–34, find the mean, the median, and the mode of the data, if possible. If any measure cannot be found or does not represent the center of the data, explain why.

Power Failures The durations (in minutes) of power failures at a residence in the last 10 years

18 26 45 75 125 80 33

40 44 49 89 80 96 125

12 61 31 63 103 28 19

Using and Interpreting Concepts

Finding and Discussing the Mean, Median, and Mode In Exercises 17–34, find the mean, the median, and the mode of the data, if possible. If any measure cannot be found or does not represent the center of the data, explain why.

Judicial System The responses of a sample of 34 young adult United Kingdom males in custodial sentences who were asked what is affected by such sentences (Adapted from User Voice)

Mental health: 8

Trust: 3

Education: 8

Personal development: 5

Family: 3

Future opportunities: 3

Other: 4

Using and Interpreting Concepts

Finding and Discussing the Mean, Median, and Mode In Exercises 17–34, find the mean, the median, and the mode of the data, if possible. If any measure cannot be found or does not represent the center of the data, explain why.

Weights (in pounds) of Packages on a Delivery Truck

Using and Interpreting Concepts

Finding and Discussing the Mean, Median, and Mode In Exercises 17–34, find the mean, the median, and the mode of the data, if possible. If any measure cannot be found or does not represent the center of the data, explain why.

Prices (in dollars) of Flights from Chicago to Alanta

In Exercises 37– 40, without performing any calculations, determine which measure of central tendency best represents the graphed data. Explain your reasoning.

Protein Powder During a quality assurance check, the actual contents (in grams) of six containers of protein powder were recorded as 1525, 1526, 1502, 1516, 1529, and 1511.

a. Find the mean and the median of the contents.

U.S. Trade Deficits The table at the left shows the U.S. trade deficits (in billions of dollars) with 18 countries in 2020. (Source: U.S. Department of Commerce)

a. Find the mean and the median of the trade deficits.

Extending Concepts

Golf The distances (in yards) for nine holes of a golf course are listed.

336 393 408 522 147 504 177 375 360

a. Find the mean and the median of the data.