What is the ground state electron configuration of carbon? How many bonds does carbon usually form?

What is the hybridization of carbon in each of the following molecules?

(a)

What is the hybridization of carbon in each of the following molecules?

(d)

How many hydrogens would you expect a 24-carbon compound from each of the following molecular classes to have?

(a) Alkane

How many hydrogens would you expect a 24-carbon compound from each of the following molecular classes to have?

(b) Alkene

How many hydrogens would you expect a 24-carbon compound from each of the following molecular classes to have?

(c) Alkyne

Draw the molecular orbital picture for propane. Your picture should clearly show the shape and hybridization of the carbons. Label all σ bonds.

Choose the molecule in each pair you'd expect to have the higher boiling point. Explain your reasoning.

(a) eicosane ( C₂₀H₄₂) vs pentadecane

Choose the molecule in each pair you'd expect to have the higher boiling point. Explain your reasoning.

(b)

Rank the following molecules from least water soluble to most water soluble. Explain your reasoning.

(a) H₃C ― OH

Rank the following molecules from least water soluble to most water soluble. Explain your reasoning.

(b) LiCl

Rank the following molecules from least water soluble to most water soluble. Explain your reasoning.

(e) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

For each of the following line-angle drawings, 

(i) give the number of carbons, 

(ii) label the carbons, 

(iii) tell how many hydrogens are on each carbon, and 

(iv) draw the hybrid structural formula.

(b)

For each of the following line-angle drawings,

(i) give the number of carbons,

(ii) label the carbons,

(iii) tell how many hydrogens are on each carbon, and

(iv) draw the hybrid structural formula.

(c)

For each of the following line-angle drawings, 

(i) give the number of carbons, 

(ii) label the carbons, 

(iii) tell how many hydrogens are on each carbon, and 

(iv) draw the hybrid structural formula.

(d)

Convert the following hybrid structural formulas into the line-angle drawings.

(b)

There are five alkane constitutional isomers with the molecular formula C₆H₁₄. Draw them.

There are nine alkane constitutional isomers with the molecular formula C₇H₁₆. Draw them.

Name the following alkanes using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. [Each molecule exemplifies one of the nomenclature rules in Tables 3.7 and 3.8.]

(j) rule 5