21. Principles of Disease

Phospholipases are characterized by all of the following except which of these answers?

The term endotoxin is synonymous with:

What is the LD₅₀ for the bacterial toxin tested in the following example? <IMAGE>

Describe how hemolysins, leukocidins, coagulase, kinases, hyaluronidase, siderophores, and IgA proteases might contribute to pathogenicity.

Explain how drugs that bind each of the following would affect pathogenicity:

a. iron in the host's blood

b. N. gonorrhoeae fimbriae

c. S. pyogenes M protein

Describe the factors contributing to the pathogenicity of fungi, protozoa, and helminths.

What treatment is used against tetanus under the following conditions?

a. before a person suffers a deep puncture wound

b. after a person suffers a deep puncture wound

Why is the following description used for wounds that are susceptible to C. tetani infection: “. . . Improperly cleaned deep puncture wounds . . . ones with little or no bleeding . . .”?

Define mycotoxin. Give an example of a mycotoxin.

Fill in the blanks:Toxigenic microbes produce _______. A high LD50 would suggest _______, and a low LD50 would suggest _______.

How are sepsis and septic shock related?