5. Chirality

Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.

(d)

In Chapter 12, we introduce the S_N2 reaction, a nucleophilic substitution reaction that proceeds with inversion. Confirm that inversion has occurred in each of the following examples by determining the absolute configuration of the chiral center in the reactants and products.

(a)

Assign the absolute stereochemistry for each of the following molecules.

(e)

Assign the absolute stereochemistry for each of the following molecules.

(f)

Prioritize the substituents at each chiral center and then, by comparing them to the models you created in Section 6.3.2, label the absolute configuration as R or S.

(d)

Prioritize the substituents at each chiral center and then, by comparing them to the models you created in Section 6.3.2, label the absolute configuration as R or S

(f)

What is the configuration of each of the asymmetric centers in the following compounds?

c.

Indicate whether each of the following structures is (R)-2-chlorobutane or (S)-2-chlorobutane:

e.

f.

Name the isomers you drew in Problem 52.

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is particularly useful against typhoid fever. What is the configuration of each of its asymmetric centers?

Star (*) each asymmetric carbon atom in the following examples, and determine whether it has the (R) or (S) configuration.

(a)

(b)

Star (*) each asymmetric carbon atom in the following examples, and determine whether it has the (R) or (S) configuration.

(i)

What is the configuration of the asymmetric centers in the following compounds?

a.

b.

Name the following:

a.

b.

A student decided that the configuration of the asymmetric centers in a sugar such as D-glucose could be determined rapidly by simply assigning the R configuration to an symmetric center with an OH group on the right and the S configuration to an symmetric center with an OH group on the left. Is he correct?