Okay, everyone. Clonal selection has what characteristics? Okay. So let's have a look at our answers. Answer choice a says clonal selection implies that each individual lymphocyte produces a single antibody. This is not true because not all lymphocytes make antibodies. Only b cells make antibodies, but t cells are also included in lymphocytes. So that's not true. So that's not what we're looking for. Answer choice b says, conal selection describes how the adaptive immune system can produce millions of different antibodies. While the adaptive immune system does create almost an infinite number of different antibodies. Clonal selection theory is not the reason why that happens. And it's not the the theory doesn't deal with making a diverse array of antibodies. It deals with something else. So that's not true. Answer choice c says clonal selection depends on depends on an antibody recognizing a specific epitope. What's an epitope? It's part of an antigen. Remember that it's the part of the antigen that an antibody will recognize and bind to. And this statement here is true because clonal selection theory is dealing with how the immune system chooses which b and t cells to proliferate during an infection because you only wanna pro proliferate the b cells that bind the pathogen that is damaging your body. Because if you proliferate b cells that don't bind the antigen, they're not helping the process of removing or destroying that infection. But if you only allow the b cells that recognize a specific epitope on the dangerous pathogen to proliferate, this is clonal selection theory to ensure that only the b cells that bind the pathogen are activated and proliferating at the time of infection to fight off the infection better. So this is a great answer. Let's look at answer choice d. Clonal selection theory is based on random naive b cells proliferating and differentiating. I will say that your body rarely does things at random. So it's usually safe to say that that's not going to be the correct answer. And it most certainly does not just let random naive b cells proliferate and differentiate. So that's not true. There's a lot of checks and balances in the immune system, especially in these cells that trigger immune response like b cells. So the correct answer here is answer choice c. Clonal selection theory depends on an antibody recognizing a specific epitope associated with the pathogen that is infecting the body so that the correct b cells are able to respond to that infection. Okay, everyone. Let's move on to our next video.

Table of contents

1. Introduction to Microbiology3h 22m
2. Disproving Spontaneous Generation1h 18m
3. Chemical Principles of Microbiology3h 38m
4. Water1h 28m
5. Molecules of Microbiology2h 23m
6. Cell Membrane & Transport3h 28m
7. Prokaryotic Cell Structures & Functions5h 52m
8. Eukaryotic Cell Structures & Functions2h 18m
9. Microscopes2h 46m
10. Dynamics of Microbial Growth4h 36m
11. Controlling Microbial Growth4h 10m
12. Microbial Metabolism5h 16m
13. Photosynthesis2h 31m
14. DNA Replication2h 25m
15. Central Dogma & Gene Regulation7h 14m
16. Microbial Genetics4h 44m
17. Biotechnology3h 0m
18. Viruses, Viroids, & Prions4h 56m
19. Innate Immunity7h 15m
20. Adaptive Immunity7h 14m
21. Principles of Disease6h 57m

20. Adaptive Immunity

Clonal Selection

Microbiology

20. Adaptive Immunity

Clonal Selection

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Multiple Choice

Clonal selection:

Implies that each individual lymphocyte produces a single antibody.

Describes how the adaptive immune system can produce millions of different antibodies.

Depends on an antibody recognizing a specific epitope.

Is based on random naive B cells proliferating and differentiating.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of clonal selection: It is a fundamental principle of the adaptive immune system, where each B cell (a type of lymphocyte) produces a unique antibody that can bind to a specific antigen.

Recognize that clonal selection explains the diversity of antibodies: The immune system can produce millions of different antibodies, each specific to a different epitope (the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system).

Identify the role of naive B cells: Naive B cells are those that have not yet encountered their specific antigen. They circulate in the body until they bind to an antigen that matches their antibody.

Explore the process of proliferation and differentiation: Once a naive B cell binds to its specific antigen, it is activated and undergoes clonal expansion, where it proliferates and differentiates into plasma cells and memory B cells.

Connect the concept to immune response: Plasma cells produce large amounts of antibodies to neutralize the antigen, while memory B cells provide long-term immunity by remembering the specific antigen for faster response upon future exposure.