Table of contents

1. Introduction to Microbiology3h 22m
2. Disproving Spontaneous Generation1h 18m
3. Chemical Principles of Microbiology3h 38m
4. Water1h 28m
5. Molecules of Microbiology2h 23m
6. Cell Membrane & Transport3h 28m
7. Prokaryotic Cell Structures & Functions5h 52m
8. Eukaryotic Cell Structures & Functions2h 18m
9. Microscopes2h 46m
10. Dynamics of Microbial Growth4h 36m
11. Controlling Microbial Growth4h 10m
12. Microbial Metabolism5h 16m
13. Photosynthesis2h 31m
14. DNA Replication2h 25m
15. Central Dogma & Gene Regulation7h 14m
16. Microbial Genetics4h 44m
17. Biotechnology3h 0m
18. Viruses, Viroids, & Prions4h 56m
19. Innate Immunity7h 15m
20. Adaptive Immunity7h 14m
21. Principles of Disease6h 57m

19. Innate Immunity

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)

Microbiology

19. Innate Immunity

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)

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Multiple Choice

What defining features of viral RNA allows the RIG-like receptors to distinguish infecting viral RNA from the host cell's RNA?

Viral RNA has a 5' cap while host cell RNA does not.

Viral RNA has a poly-A tail while host cell RNA does not.

Viral RNA can be double stranded while host cell RNA is single stranded.

Viral RNA has a circular formation while host cell RNA is linear.

None of the above.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of RIG-like receptors (RLRs): RIG-like receptors are part of the innate immune system and are responsible for detecting viral RNA within the host cell. They help initiate an immune response against viral infections.

Identify the structural differences between viral RNA and host cell RNA: Viral RNA can have unique structural features that differentiate it from host cell RNA, such as being double-stranded, having a 5' triphosphate group, or lacking a 5' cap.

Focus on the double-stranded nature of viral RNA: One of the key features that RIG-like receptors use to distinguish viral RNA from host RNA is the presence of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Most host cell RNA is single-stranded, while many viruses produce dsRNA during their replication cycle.

Consider the other options: Evaluate the other options provided in the problem. Host cell RNA typically has a 5' cap and a poly-A tail, which are not unique to viral RNA. Additionally, most viral RNA is linear, not circular, similar to host RNA.

Conclude with the correct distinguishing feature: Based on the understanding of RIG-like receptors and the structural characteristics of RNA, the defining feature that allows RLRs to distinguish viral RNA from host RNA is the presence of double-stranded RNA.