12. The Central Nervous System

Match the names of the supporting cells found in column B with the appropriate descriptions in column A.Column A_______(1) myelinates nerve fibers in the CNS_______(2) lines brain cavities_______(3) myelinates nerve fibers in the PNS_______(4) CNS phagocyte________(5) helps regulate the ionic composition of CNS extracellular fluidColumn Ba. astrocyteb. ependymal cellc. microglial celld. oligodendrocytee. satellite cellf. Schwann cell

a. Contrast unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons structurally.b. Indicate where each is most likely to be found.

Multiple ChoiceMore than one choice may apply.Histological examination of a slice of neural tissue reveals a bundle of nerve fibers held together by cells whose multiple processes wrap around several fibers and form a myelin sheath. The specimen is likely to bea. a nucleus.b. a ganglion.c. a nerve.d. a tract.

Multiple ChoiceMore than one choice may apply.Neuroglia present in large numbers in areas of bacterial infection in the brain are most likelya. oligodendrocytes.b. astrocytes.c. ependymal cells.d. microglia.

What is the basis for the functional classification of neurons?

Two major cell groups make up the nervous system—neurons and supporting cells such as astrocytes and Schwann cells. Which are 'nervous' cells? Why? What are the major functions of the other cell group?

Phagocytic cells in nervous tissue of the CNS are (a) astrocytes, (b) ependymal cells, (c) oligodendrocytes, (d) microglia.

The neural cells responsible for the analysis of sensory inputs and coordination of motor outputs are (a) neuroglia, (b) interneurons, (c) sensory neurons, (d) motor neurons.

Why can't most neurons in the CNS be replaced when they are lost to injury or disease?

Describe the stages of sleep and outline the order in which we progress through these stages during a typical night's sleep

Explain how the cerebellum is physically connected to the brain stem.

A professor unexpectedly blew a loud horn in his anatomy and physiology class. The students looked up, startled. The reflexive movements of their eyes were mediated by thea. cerebral cortex,b. inferior olives,c. raphe nuclei,d. superior colliculi,e. nucleus gracilis.

Choose the correct term from the key to respond to the statements describing various brain areas.Key:a. cerebellumb. corpora quadrigeminac. corpus callosumd. striatume. hypothalamusf. medullag. midbrainh. ponsi. thalamus________ (1) basal nuclei involved in fine control of motor activities________(2) region where there is a crossover of fibers of descending pyramidal tracts________(3) control of temperature, autonomic nervous system reflexes, hunger, and water balance_________(4) houses the substantia nigra and cerebral aqueduct_________(5) relay stations for visual and auditory stimuli input; found in midbrain_________(6) houses vital centers for control of the heart, respiration, and blood pressure_________(7) brain area through which all the sensory input is relayed to get to the cerebral cortex_________(8) brain area most concerned with equilibrium, body posture, and coordination of motor activity

Colleen falls down a flight of stairs and bumps her head several times. Soon after, she develops a headache and blurred vision. Diagnostic tests at the hospital reveal an epidural hematoma in the temporoparietal area. The hematoma is pressing against the brainstem. What other signs and symptoms might she experience as a result of the injury?