12. The Central Nervous System

Mark the following statements as true or false. If the statement is false, correct it to make it a true statement.

a. Aggregates of Golgi apparatus and lysosomes form dark-staining Nissl bodies within the cell body.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If the statement is false, correct it to make it a true statement.

b. The axon contains a high density of ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If the statement is false, correct it to make it a true statement.

c. Axons arise from the axon hillock.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If the statement is false, correct it to make it a true statement.

d. Substances can move toward or away from the cell body through the axon via fast axonal transport.

An axon is best defined as a process that:

a. transmits signals only toward the cell body.

b. can generate action potentials.

c. transmits signals only away from the cell body.

d. cannot generate action potentials

Fill in the blanks: The myelinated segment of an axon that is covered by a glial cell is called a/an_______ ; the gaps between glial cells where _____the axolemma is exposed are called          .

Which of the following statements about the general functions of the nervous system is false?

a. The three primary functions of the nervous system include sensory, integrative, and motor functions.

b. The integrative functions of the nervous system are its processing functions.

c. Sensory stimuli are transmitted on sensory efferent fibers to a sensory receptor.

d. Motor functions are carried out by fibers that carry signals to an effector.

Why must a cell body be intact for an axon to regenerate? (Hint: What structure is housed only in the cell body, and what are its functions?)

The central nervous system is responsible for:

a. integrative functions.

b. sensory functions.

c. motor functions.

d. Both b and c are correct.

Mark the following statements about the brain as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a. Humans use only 10% of their brains.

Mark the following statements about the brain as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. The four main components of the brain are the cerebrum, the diencephalon, the cerebellum, and the brainstem.

Mark the following statements about the brain as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. The right and left lateral ventricles are the largest of the ventricles in the brain and are located in the diencephalon.

Which of the following is not one of the basal nuclei?

a. Caudate nucleus

b. Globus pallidus

c. Cerebellum

d. Putamen

Match the term on the left with its correct description in the column on the right.      

____Amygdala     

____Thalamus     

____Hippocampus     

____Midbrain     

____Medulla oblongata     

____Hypothalamus     

____Cerebellum     

____Pons

a. Serves as the main 'entryway' into the cerebral cortex

b. Contains the pyramids where the corticospinal tracts decussate

c. Portion of the limbic system involved in emotion

d. Regulates homeostasis, the autonomic nervous system, the endocrine system, and the sleep/wake cycle

e. Consists of three lobes and coordinates movement

f. Portion of the limbic system; involved in memory

g. Middle portion of brainstem; plays a role in movement, sleep, and arousal

h. First component of the brainstem; participates in reflexes, sensation, and movement