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If the sequence of DNA in Question 12 were amplified using 25 PCR cycles, then the amount of this DNA would be predicted to increase by -fold.
18. Biotechnology
The Steps of PCR
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A molecular biologist has isolated a short segment of DNA that she wants to replicate in vitro. First she heats the DNA, which separates the two strands, and then she adds __________.
A
ribosomes, nucleosomes, and messenger RNA
B
nucleotides and ligase
C
transfer RNA, matching amino acids, and messenger RNA
D
ribosomes, matching amino acids, and primers
E
nucleotides, primers, and polymerase
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the process of DNA replication in vitro, which involves the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). This technique is used to amplify a specific segment of DNA.
The first step in PCR is denaturation, where the DNA is heated to separate its two strands. This mimics the natural process of DNA unwinding.
After denaturation, the next step is annealing. During this step, primers are added. Primers are short sequences of nucleotides that provide a starting point for DNA synthesis.
The third step is extension, where DNA polymerase is added. This enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.
Therefore, the necessary components for in vitro DNA replication include nucleotides, primers, and DNA polymerase, which together facilitate the replication process.
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