Multiple Choice
The myogenic mechanism is triggered by changes in the stretch of the afferent arteriole. This is the direct result of:
25. The Urinary System
Renal Physiology: Regulation of Glomerular Filtration
Back25. The Urinary System
Renal Physiology: Regulation of Glomerular Filtration
- Multiple Choice
The sympathetic nervous system releases _____________, which causes constriction of the afferent and efferent arterioles.
- Multiple Choice
Angiotensin-II directly increases glomerular filtration pressure by _____________ the ___________ arteriole.
- Multiple ChoiceWhich process results in increased blood pressure in response to hormone release?
- Multiple ChoiceIf the efferent arteriole constricts while the afferent arteriole remains unchanged, the glomerular filtration rate __________.
- Multiple ChoiceWhat structure(s) is/are part of the juxtaglomerular complex and act(s) as a mechanoreceptor, sensing blood pressure in the afferent arteriole?
- Open Question
Fill in the blanks for the following statements:
a. When the GFR decreases, the macula densa releases chemicals to______ the afferent arteriole.
b. The sympathetic nervous system______ the blood vessels supplying the kidney_____to the glomerular filtration rate.
c. The enzyme_____is released by JG cells in response to a decrease in the GFR.
d. The enzyme ______ converts angiotensin-I to angiotensin-II.
e. Generally, angiotensin-II______ systemic blood pressure while_____the GFR.
- Open QuestionDescribe the mechanisms of extrinsic regulation of GFR, and their physiological role.
- Open QuestionDescribe the mechanisms that contribute to renal autoregulation.
- Open QuestionWhich of the following is/are true about ADH?a. It promotes obligatory water reabsorption,b. it is secreted in response to an increase in extracellular fluid osmolality,c. it causes insertion of aquaporins in the PCT,d. it promotes Na⁺ reabsorption.
- Open QuestionMrs. Bigda, a 60-year-old woman, was brought to the hospital by the police after falling to the pavement. She is found to have alcoholic hepatitis. She is put on a salt- and protein-restricted diet and diuretics are prescribed to manage her ascites (accumulated fluid in the peritoneal cavity). How will diuretics reduce this excess fluid? Name and describe the mechanisms of action of three types of diuretics. Why is her diet salt-restricted?
- Open QuestionExplain the difference between filtrate and urine.
- Open Question
Predict the effects the following scenarios would have on glomerular filtration:
c. Having high arterial blood pressure (hypertension)
- Open Question
Drugs that treat hypertension, or high blood pressure, have the following actions. Discuss the specific effect that each drug will have on the kidneys.
a. Blocking the action of aldosterone on the kidneys
- Open Question
Drugs that treat hypertension, or high blood pressure, have the following actions. Discuss the specific effect that each drug will have on the kidneys.
b. Blocking the receptor for angiotensin-II on blood vessels and in the renal tubule cells