14. The Autonomic Nervous System

The preganglionic and ganglionic neurons are missing from the diagram below showing the distribution of sympathetic innervation. Indicate their distribution using red for the preganglionic neurons and black for the ganglionic neurons.

Relate each of the following terms or phrases to either the sympathetic (S) or parasympathetic (P) division of the autonomic nervous system:______(1) short preganglionic, long postganglionic fibers______(2) intramural ganglia______(3) craniosacral part______(4) adrenergic fibers______(5) cervical ganglia______(6) otic and ciliary ganglia

Relate each of the following terms or phrases to either the sympathetic (S) or parasympathetic (P) division of the autonomic nervous system:______(7) generally short-duration action______(8) increases heart rate and blood pressure______ (9) increases gastric motility and secretion of lacrimal, salivary, and digestive juices______(10) innervates blood vessels______(11) most active when you are relaxing in a hammock______(12) active when you are running in the Boston Marathon

The division of the ANS that prepares the body for activity and stress is the_____division. (a) sympathetic, (b) parasympathetic, (c) craniosacral, (d) intramural, (e) somatomotor.

Collateral sympathetic ganglia are involved with innervatinga. abdominal organs,b. thoracic organs,c. head,d. arrector pili,e. all of these.

Effects produced by the parasympathetic branch of the ANS include (a) dilation of the pupils, (b) increased secretion by digestive glands, (c) dilation of respiratory passages, (d) increased heart rate, (e) increased breakdown of glycogen by the liver.

Starting in the spinal cord, trace an action potential through the sympathetic division of the ANS until it reaches a target organ in the abdominopelvic region.

Briefly explain why the following terms are sometimes used to refer to the autonomic nervous system: involuntary nervous system and emotional-visceral system.

Describe the anatomical relationship of the white and gray rami communicantes to the spinal nerve, and indicate the kind of fibers found in each ramus type.

What are the major components of (c) the enteric nervous system?

Which of the effects listed in response to question 9 would be reversed by parasympathetic activity?

All preganglionic autonomic fibers release______at their axon terminals, and the effects are always_____. (a) norepinephrine, inhibitory, (b) norepinephrine, excitatory, (c) acetylcholine, excitatory, (d) acetylcholine, inhibitory.

Which three collateral ganglia serve as origins for ganglionic neurons that innervate organs or tissues in the abdominopelvic region?

What two distinctive results are produced by the stimulation of sympathetic ganglionic neurons?

Which four pairs of cranial nerves are associated with the cranial segment of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?