26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

Which of the following tissues is the least hydrated?

Which of the following individuals would have the most body water?

Body water content is greatest ina. infants,b. young adults,c. elderly adults.

Water balance is regulated by control of amount(s) (use choices in question 3). a. ingested,b. excreted in urine,c. lost in perspiration,d. lost in feces.

Answer questions 5 through 10 by choosing responses from the following: a. ammonium ionsb. bicarbonatec. calciumd. chloridee. hydrogen ionsf. magnesiumg. phosphateh. potassiumi. sodiumj. waterTwo substances regulated by parathyroid hormone.

Answer questions 5 through 10 by choosing responses from the following:a. ammonium ionsb. bicarbonatec. calciumd. chloridee. hydrogen ionsf. magnesiumg. phosphateh. potassiumi. sodiumj. water Part of an important chemical buffer system in plasma.

Answer questions 5 through 10 by choosing responses from the following:a. ammonium ionsb. bicarbonatec. calciumd. chloridee. hydrogen ionsf. magnesiumg. phosphateh. potassiumi. sodiumj. water Substance regulated by ADH's effects on the renal tubules.

Which of the following factors will enhance ADH release?a. increase in ECF volume,b. decrease in ECF volume,c. decrease in ECF osmolality,d. increase in ECF osmolality.

Name the body fluid compartments, noting their locations and the approximate fluid volume in each.

Describe the thirst mechanism, indicating how it is triggered and terminated.

Explain why and how ECF osmolality is maintained.

Mr. Jessup, a 55-year-old man, is operated on for a cerebral tumor. About a month later, he appears at his physician's office complaining of excessive thirst. He claims to have been drinking about 20 liters of water daily for the past week and says he has been voiding nearly continuously. A urine sample is collected and its specific gravity is reported as 1.001. What is your diagnosis of Mr. Jessup's problem? What connection might exist between his previous surgery and his present problem?