6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue

During a skiing accident, Jean-Luc breaks the shaft of his humerus. What is the anatomically correct term for the portion of the bone that he broke?

Osgood-Schlatter disease is a painful condition that affects the proximal end of the tibia (a long bone) just distal to the knee. It primarily affects athletically active children between the ages of 10 and 14. The condition develops when the patellar tendon places strain on this area of the tibia as the area is not as stable as other regions of the bone in children this age. Why would this region not be as stable as other regions of the tibia?

What problems would arise if a bone lacked a nutrient foramen?

Which bone structure is most closely associated with the perforating fibers?

Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism. A person with this condition will have short arms and legs but a normal sized head and trunk. Achondroplasia literally means 'without cartilage formation'. Why would a disorder that affects cartilage formation lead to dwarfism?

Where would you be more likely to find red marrow and why?

Match the following terms with the correct definition.        

____Long bone       

____Epiphysis       

____Nutrient artery       

____Flat bone       

____Short bone       

____Periosteum       

____Diaphysis       

____Medullary cavitya.

a. Main source of blood to the medullary cavity

b. Membrane surrounding the bone

c. Bone that is about as wide as it is long

d. Shaft of a long bone

e. Bone that is longer than it is wide

f. Canal running down the center of the diaphysis

g. End of a long bone

h. Bone that is broad and thin

What is the difference between a primary and secondary ossification center in a long bone?

Long bones grow in length from the:

a. diaphyseal line

b. epiphyseal line

c. epiphyseal plate

d. medullary cavity.

Correctly order the following steps of bone growth in length, by placing a 1 by the first step, a 2 by the second step, and so on.

______Calcified cartilage is replaced with bone in the zone of ossification.                   

______Chondrocytes in the zone of proliferation divide by mitosis.                   

______Chondrocytes enter the zone of calcification and die as their matrix calcifies.                   

______Chondrocytes enlarge and cease dividing.

The part of the epiphysis that does not ossify during a person's lifetime is the:

a. articular surface

b.secondary ossification center

c.diaphyseal notch

d.nutrient foramen.