Describe one difference between a direct ELISA and an indirect ELISA.

Which of the following is the most likely to lead to graft-versushost disease? (NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)

a. An allogeneic bone marrow transplant

b. An allogeneic liver transplant

c. A xenogeneic heart valve transplant

d. An isogenic bone marrow transplant

e. A xenogeneic skin graft

Indicate the true statements, and then reword the false statements so they are true.

a. Immunodeficiencies are associated with a decreased cancer risk.

b. Type I reactions are mediated by IgG antibodies.

c. Autoimmune disorders are not caused by type I hypersensitivities.

d. Systemic lupus is mainly mediated by a type III hypersensitivity.

e. A person with type 0- blood is called a universal donor.

f. Immunotherapies are useful to reduce type II reactions.

How does an antibody neutralize a virus?

a. By preventing the virus from binding to a receptor protein on a host cell

b. By preventing the virus from injecting its nucleic acid into its host cell

c. By degrading the capsid

d. By inserting holes into the viral envelope

e. By preventing the virus from replicating while inside the host

A direct ELISA test is utilized as a pregnancy test because it tests for:

(NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)

a. antibodies to the fetus in urine.

b. antibodies to a pregnancy hormone in urine.

c. an antigen that recognizes a pregnancy hormone in urine.

d. T cells that recognize a pregnancy hormone in urine.

e. the presence of a pregnancy hormone in urine.

Which term describes antibodies binding to a virus preventing it from attaching to host cells?

The study of antigen-antibody reactions is referred to as _____.

Which of the following is NOT a protective outcome of antibody-antigen binding?

DRAW IT Label components of the direct and indirect ELISA tests in the following situations. Which test is direct? Which test provides definitive proof of disease?

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