The manufacture of paper includes the use of bleach and formaldehyde-based glue. The microbial enzyme xylanase whitens paper by digesting dark lignins. Oxidase causes the fibers to stick together, and cellulase will remove ink. List three advantages of using these microbial enzymes over traditional chemical methods for making paper.

An antimicrobial agent should meet all of the following criteria except

a. selective toxicity.

b. the production of hypersensitivities.

c. a narrow spectrum of activity.

d. no production of drug resistance.

e. All of the above are necessary criteria for an antimicrobial.

The most selective antimicrobial activity would be exhibited by a drug that

a. inhibits cell wall synthesis.

b. inhibits protein synthesis.

c. injures the plasma membrane.

d. inhibits nucleic acid synthesis.

e. all of the above

Antibiotics that inhibit translation have side effects

a. because all cells have proteins.

b. only in the few cells that make proteins.

c. because eukaryotic cells have 80S ribosomes.

d. at the 70S ribosomes in eukaryotic cells.

e. None of the above is correct.

Which of the following will not affect eukaryotic cells?

a. inhibition of the mitotic spindle

b. binding with sterols

c. binding to 80S ribosomes

d. binding to DNA

e. All of the above will affect them.

In a closed batch system, not all cells are expected to die, even as the death phase advances. Why?

Which sensitivity test is best for determining the minimum bactericidal concentration and the minimum inhibitory concentration of a drug?

Biosafety Level 3 includes __________ .

a. double sets of entry doors

b. pressurized suits

c. showers in entryways

d. all of the above

Which of the following questions are important to answer before attempting to control a microbial population?