Open Question
Bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance by all of the following except
a. mutation.
b. insertion of transposons.
c. conjugation.
d. snRNPs.
e. transformation.
16. Microbial Genetics
Horizontal Gene Transfer
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All of the following are possible outcomes of horizontally transferred DNA, except which of these answers?
A
The transferred DNA is turned into a plasmid and replicates with the bacterial cell.
B
The transferred DNA triggers the degradation of the bacterial chromosome.
C
The transferred DNA is integrated into the bacterial chromosome and is replicated with the chromosome.
D
The transferred DNA is degraded by the bacterial cell and has no effect on the cell.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in bacteria, which involves the transfer of genetic material between bacteria, not through inheritance from parent to offspring.
Identify the possible fates of horizontally transferred DNA in a bacterial cell: it can be degraded, integrated into the chromosome, or exist as a plasmid.
Consider the option where the transferred DNA is turned into a plasmid. Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that replicate independently of the bacterial chromosome.
Evaluate the option where the transferred DNA is integrated into the bacterial chromosome. This means the DNA becomes part of the bacterial genome and is replicated along with the chromosome during cell division.
Analyze the option where the transferred DNA triggers the degradation of the bacterial chromosome. This is not a typical outcome of horizontal gene transfer, as the transferred DNA usually does not cause the destruction of the host's chromosome.
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