Table of contents

1. Introduction to Microbiology3h 22m
2. Disproving Spontaneous Generation1h 18m
3. Chemical Principles of Microbiology3h 38m
4. Water1h 28m
5. Molecules of Microbiology2h 23m
6. Cell Membrane & Transport3h 28m
7. Prokaryotic Cell Structures & Functions5h 52m
8. Eukaryotic Cell Structures & Functions2h 18m
9. Microscopes2h 46m
10. Dynamics of Microbial Growth4h 36m
11. Controlling Microbial Growth4h 10m
12. Microbial Metabolism5h 16m
13. Photosynthesis2h 31m
14. DNA Replication2h 25m
15. Central Dogma & Gene Regulation7h 14m
16. Microbial Genetics4h 44m
17. Biotechnology3h 0m
18. Viruses, Viroids, & Prions4h 56m
19. Innate Immunity7h 15m
20. Adaptive Immunity7h 14m
21. Principles of Disease6h 57m

15. Central Dogma & Gene Regulation

Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

Microbiology

15. Central Dogma & Gene Regulation

Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

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Multiple Choice

A hormone signal reaches a cell and causes the cell to produce a large quantity of Protein X. After some time, the hormone signal disappears and the cell no longer needs a large quantity of Protein X. How will the cell remove the excess protein?

The repressor protein for the Protein X gene will stop the transcription of the gene.

The excess Protein X will be tagged with ubiquitin proteins and degraded over time.

The Protein X mRNA will be bound by a microRNA blocking its translation.

Over time the excess Protein X will diffuse out of the cell.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of ubiquitin in protein degradation: Ubiquitin is a small protein that tags other proteins for degradation. This process is known as ubiquitination.

Recognize the function of the proteasome: Once a protein is tagged with ubiquitin, it is directed to the proteasome, a complex that degrades and recycles proteins.

Identify the process of transcriptional regulation: The repressor protein can bind to the promoter region of the Protein X gene, preventing its transcription and thus reducing the production of new Protein X.

Explore the role of microRNA in translation inhibition: MicroRNAs can bind to complementary sequences on mRNA molecules, blocking their translation into proteins.

Consider the possibility of protein diffusion: While some proteins can diffuse out of the cell, this is not a common mechanism for removing excess intracellular proteins, especially large or complex ones like Protein X.