Explain why E. coli is frequently implicated in cystitis in females.

A patient with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea within 5 hours after eating most likely has

a. shigellosis.

b. cholera.

c. E. coli gastroenteritis.

d. salmonellosis.

e. staphylococcal food poisoning.

DRAW IT Diagram the pathway taken by E. coli to cause cystitis. Do the same for pyelonephritis. Diagram the pathway taken by N. gonorrhoeae to cause PID.

<IMAGE>

How are urinary tract infections acquired?

Name one organism that causes pyelonephritis. What are the portals of entry for microbes that cause pyelonephritis?

Complete the following table

<IMAGE>

Name one fungus and one protozoan that can cause genital system infections. What symptoms would lead you to suspect these infections?

Name one fungus and one protozoan that can cause genital system infections. What symptoms would lead you to suspect these infections?

Briefly describe the procedures and positive results of the tuberculin test and what is indicated by a positive test.