Table of contents

1. Introduction to Microbiology3h 22m
2. Disproving Spontaneous Generation1h 18m
3. Chemical Principles of Microbiology3h 38m
4. Water1h 28m
5. Molecules of Microbiology2h 23m
6. Cell Membrane & Transport3h 28m
7. Prokaryotic Cell Structures & Functions5h 52m
8. Eukaryotic Cell Structures & Functions2h 18m
9. Microscopes2h 46m
10. Dynamics of Microbial Growth4h 36m
11. Controlling Microbial Growth4h 10m
12. Microbial Metabolism5h 16m
13. Photosynthesis2h 31m
14. DNA Replication2h 25m
15. Central Dogma & Gene Regulation7h 14m
16. Microbial Genetics4h 44m
17. Biotechnology3h 0m
18. Viruses, Viroids, & Prions4h 56m
19. Innate Immunity7h 15m
20. Adaptive Immunity7h 14m
21. Principles of Disease6h 57m

12. Microbial Metabolism

Chemiosmosis

Microbiology

12. Microbial Metabolism

Chemiosmosis

Previous problemNext problem

Struggling with Microbiology?

Join thousands of students who trust us to help them ace their exams!Watch the first video

Multiple Choice

Chemiosmotic creation of ATP is driven by:
a) Phosphate transfer through the plasma membrane.
b) Potential energy of the H⁺ concentration gradient created by the electron transport chain.
c) Substrate-level phosphorylation in the mitochondrial matrix.
d) Large quantities of ADP in the mitochondrial matrix.

Phosphate transfer through the plasma membrane.

Potential energy of the H+ concentration gradient created by the electron transport chain.

Substrate-level phosphorylation in the mitochondrial matrix.

Large quantities of ADP in the mitochondrial matrix.

Previous problemNext problem

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of chemiosmosis: Chemiosmosis is the process by which ATP is produced in the mitochondria. It involves the movement of hydrogen ions (H+) across a membrane, creating a gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

Identify the role of the electron transport chain: The electron transport chain is responsible for creating the H+ concentration gradient. As electrons are passed along the chain, energy is used to pump H+ ions from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space.

Recognize the importance of the H+ concentration gradient: The potential energy stored in the H+ concentration gradient is crucial for ATP synthesis. This gradient represents a form of stored energy that can be harnessed to produce ATP.

Explain how ATP is synthesized: ATP synthase, an enzyme located in the mitochondrial membrane, uses the energy from the flow of H+ ions back into the matrix to catalyze the conversion of ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP.

Differentiate chemiosmosis from substrate-level phosphorylation: Substrate-level phosphorylation is a different mechanism of ATP production that occurs directly in the mitochondrial matrix during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, independent of the electron transport chain.