Which of the following is/are true regarding our normal microbiota? Select all that apply. (NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)
a. Our normal microbiota is easily disrupted by hygiene practices like hand washing.
b. Our normal microbiota can include pathogens.
c. Normal microbiota compete with pathogens.
d. Normal microbiota may colonize us before we are even born.
e. Normal microbiota changes over time.
f. The normal microbiota that we have as adults is the same as we had as children.
g. The normal microbiota of the gut is similar to that of the skin.

Following is a list of fungi, their methods of entry into the body, and sites of infections they cause. Categorize each type of mycosis as cutaneous, opportunistic, subcutaneous, superficial, or systemic.

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NAME IT Identify the structures of this eukaryote, which has an affinity for keratin.

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Why are some organisms that constitute the normal microbiota described as commensals, whereas others are described as mutualistic?

This microbe is acquired by humans as infants and is essential for good health. Acquiring a closely related strain causes severe stomach cramps, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting. What is the microbe?

Select the false statement about normal microbiota. (NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)

a. They compete with pathogens.

b. They do not include potential pathogens.

c. They make vitamins for the host.

d. They train the immune system.

e. A disruption in their balance can lead to disease.

List the anatomical structures of the human upper respiratory tract.

List the anatomical structures of the human lower respiratory tract.

Scientists commonly call humans 'superorganisms'. What is this description referring to?

a) Humans are the most intelligent and influential organisms on the planet.

b) Each human is an ecosystem for trillions of microorganisms.

c) Humans are the only organisms that determine the success of other organism species.

d) Each human is host to a unique species of microorganism.