Multiple Choice
Steroid hormones can enter a cell by simple diffusion. Therefore, steroids __________.
10. Cell Signaling
Classes of Signaling Receptors
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Domoic acid is a neurotoxin produced by some species of alga. Domoic acid binds to the kainate receptor on neurons in parts of the brain. The kainate receptor facilitates the movement of calcium into the cell. Excess domoic acid–induced stimulation of the neural kainate receptors causes neural damage and short-term memory loss. Based on this, which of the following is likely true?
A
Calcium is actively pumped into the cell by the kainate receptor.
B
The kainate receptor is a GPCR that stimulates adenylate cyclase to produce cAMP that serves to amplify the signal and to speed the signal's transduction through the cytoplasm.
C
The first two listed responses are correct.
D
The second and third responses are correct.
E
The kainate receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel, and domoic acid is a ligand.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of the kainate receptor: It is a receptor that facilitates the movement of ions, specifically calcium, into the neuron when activated by a ligand.
Identify the nature of the kainate receptor: It is a ligand-gated ion channel, meaning it opens in response to a specific ligand binding, allowing ions to pass through the membrane.
Analyze the options: The first option suggests active transport, which is incorrect for ligand-gated ion channels as they facilitate passive transport.
Consider the second option: It describes a GPCR mechanism involving cAMP, which is not applicable to ligand-gated ion channels like the kainate receptor.
Conclude that the correct statement is that the kainate receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel, and domoic acid acts as the ligand that binds to it.
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