Multiple Choice
In __________, an animal learns to associate one of its behaviors with reward or punishment.
49. Animal Behavior
Animal Behavior
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Which of the following best illustrates optimal foraging?
A
A robin will repeatedly attack any red object near its territory.
B
Musk oxen will form a circle to fend off a wolf attack.
C
Bats emerge to feed at about the same time each night.
D
A blackbird will warn others in the flock if it senses danger.
E
A sunbird will more fiercely defend flowers that produce more food.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of optimal foraging: Optimal foraging theory suggests that animals will maximize their energy intake per unit of time spent foraging. This means they will choose food sources that provide the most energy while minimizing the effort and risk involved in obtaining it.
Analyze the options given: Each option describes a different behavior exhibited by animals. We need to identify which behavior aligns with the principles of optimal foraging.
Evaluate the behavior of the sunbird: The option states that a sunbird will more fiercely defend flowers that produce more food. This behavior suggests that the sunbird is prioritizing food sources that offer higher energy returns, which is consistent with optimal foraging theory.
Compare with other options: The other behaviors, such as a robin attacking red objects or musk oxen forming a circle, do not directly relate to maximizing energy intake from food sources. They are more about territorial behavior or defense mechanisms.
Conclude that the sunbird's behavior is the best illustration of optimal foraging, as it focuses on maximizing energy intake by defending high-yield food sources.
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