Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the function of fruits?
28. Plants
Seed Plants
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Of the following, which is a difference in how reproduction occurs in gymnosperms compared to angiosperms?
A
Only angiosperm pollen grains form pollen tubes.
B
Double fertilization only occurs in gymnosperms.
C
Only gymnosperms can contain male and female sporangia on the same plant.
D
Only angiosperms have reduced gametophytes.
E
Only the sperm of angiosperms combine with two central cell nuclei to form triploid endosperm.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the basic reproductive structures of gymnosperms and angiosperms. Gymnosperms, such as conifers, have naked seeds not enclosed in an ovary, while angiosperms have seeds enclosed within a fruit.
Recognize that angiosperms undergo a process called double fertilization, where one sperm fertilizes the egg to form a zygote, and another sperm combines with two polar nuclei to form a triploid cell, which develops into the endosperm.
Identify that gymnosperms do not undergo double fertilization. Instead, they have a simpler fertilization process where the sperm fertilizes the egg to form a zygote, and there is no formation of a triploid endosperm.
Note that both gymnosperms and angiosperms can have male and female reproductive structures, but the arrangement and development of these structures differ between the two groups.
Conclude that the key difference in reproduction between gymnosperms and angiosperms is the occurrence of double fertilization and the formation of triploid endosperm, which is unique to angiosperms.
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