21. The Immune System
First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers
- Multiple ChoiceComplement proteins work by __________.
- Open Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
c. NK cells are cytotoxic cells that lyse and kill cancer cells and cells infected with certain viruses.
- Open QuestionThe process by which neutrophils squeeze through capillary walls in response to inflammatory signals is calleda. diapedesis,b. chemotaxis,c. margination,d. opsonization.
- Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is NOT a function of interferons?
- Open QuestionGive a function for each of the following: (l) interleukins, (m) tumor necrosis factor, (n) colony-stimulating factors.
- Open QuestionMultiple ChoiceMore than one choice may apply.Against which of the following will interferon do some good?a. Infection of body cells by a virusb. Circulating free virusesc. Some types of cancerd. Bacterial infection
- Open QuestionComplement activation promotes all of the following excepta. cell lysis,b. inflammation,c. opsonization,d. interferon release,e. chemotaxis of neutrophils and other cells.
- Multiple Choice
Lysozyme is effective at destroying bacteria pathogens because it does what?
- Open Question
Which of the following functions is/are performed by complement proteins?
a. Cell lysis
b. Opsonization
c. Enhancing inflammation
d. Only a and b
e. All of the above
- Multiple Choice
The ____________ glands create sebum which makes the skin more __________ which decreases microbial growth.
- Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is/are secreted by leukocytes and macrophages and result(s) in a fever?
- Open Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
d.Interleukin-1 is a cytokine that prevents viral replication in infected cells.
- Open Question
Eileen presents with flu-like symptoms, including fever, chills, and body aches.
c. What might it mean if lymphocytes instead of neutrophils were elevated? Explain your reasoning.
- Open QuestionInterferons are referred to as antiviral proteins. What stimulates their production, and how do they protect uninfected cells? Which cells of the body secrete interferons?
- Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation?