9. Hypothesis Testing for One Sample

F Test Statistic

a. If s2,1 represents the larger of two sample variances, can the F test statistic ever be less than 1?

F Test Statistic

b. Can the F test statistic ever be a negative number?

F Test Statistic

c. If testing the claim that sigma2,1 is not equals to sigma2,2 what do we know about the two samples if the test statistic F is very close to 1?

F Test Statistic

d. Is the F distribution symmetric, skewed left, or skewed right?

Bootstrapping and Randomization When resampling data from two independent samples, what is the fundamental difference between bootstrapping and randomization?

Notation Using the weights (lb) and highway fuel consumption amounts (mi/gal) of the 48 cars listed in Data Set 35 “Car Data” of Appendix B, we get this regression equation:

y^ = 58.9 - 0.00749x, where x represents weight.

a. What does the symbol y^ represent?

Notation Using the weights (lb) and highway fuel consumption amounts (mi/gal) of the 48 cars listed in Data Set 35 “Car Data” of Appendix B, we get this regression equation:

y^ = 58.9 - 0.00749x, where x represents weight.

c. What is the predictor variable?

Notation What is the difference between the regression equation y^ = b0 + b1x and the regression equation y = β0 + β1x.

Best-Fit Line

What is a residual?

In what sense is the regression line the straight line that “best” fits the points in a scatterplot?

One-Way ANOVA In general, what is one-way analysis of variance used for?

Interaction

a. What is an interaction between two factors?

Interaction

b. In general, when using two-way analysis of variance, if we find that there is an interaction effect, how does that affect the procedure?

Sampling Methods A student obtains a sample of responses to the question “Do you plan to take or have you taken a statistics course?” A second student obtains a sample of responses to the same question. The first student surveys only males at the same college, and the second student surveys only females at the same college. What is wrong with the samples? Can randomization be used to overcome the flaws of those samples?

Technology

In Exercises 9–12, test the given claim by using the display provided from technology. Use a 0.05 significance level. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses, test statistic, P-value (or range of P-values), or critical value(s), and state the final conclusion that addresses the original claim.

Peanut Butter Cups Data Set 38 “Candies” includes weights of Reese’s peanut butter cups. The accompanying Statdisk display results from using all 38 weights to test the claim that the sample is from a population with a mean equal to 8.953 g.

Technology

In Exercises 9–12, test the given claim by using the display provided from technology. Use a 0.05 significance level. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses, test statistic, P-value (or range of P-values), or critical value(s), and state the final conclusion that addresses the original claim.

Tower of Terror Data Set 33 “Disney World Wait Times” includes wait times (minutes) for the Tower of Terror ride at 5:00 PM. Using the first 40 times to test the claim that the mean of all such wait times is more than 30 minutes, the accompanying Excel display is obtained.