1. A Review of General Chemistry

In each pair of atoms, which has the larger atomic radius? Which is more electronegative?

(c) O vs. S

In each pair of atoms, which has the larger atomic radius? Which is more electronegative?

(b) C vs. O

Which bond is stronger? Briefly explain why.

b.

Which bond is stronger? Briefly explain why.

a.

For each pair of compounds, predict which one has the higher molecular dipole moment, and explain your reasoning.

a. ethyl chloride or ethyl iodide

b. 1-bromopropane or cyclopropane

For each alkene, indicate the direction of the dipole moment. For each pair, determine which compound has the larger dipole moment.

a. cis-1,2-difluoroethene or trans-1,2-difluoroethene

Which compound has the greater electron density on its oxygen atom?

Which compound has the greater electron density on its nitrogen atom?

Which oxygen atom has the greater electron density?

Refer to the electrostatic potential maps <IMAGE> to answer the following questions:

c. Why is the center of the electrostatic potential map of benzene more red than the center of the electrostatic potential map of pyridine?

Which is more reactive, an organolithium compound or an organosodium compound? Explain your answer.

(a) Rank the following bonds in terms of the strength of their bond dipole (1 = weakest, 6 = strongest).

(b) Which carbon has the largest δ⁺ ?

C―F, C―Br, C―I, C―H, C―C, C―Cl

A mixture of seven amino acids (glycine, glutamate, leucine, lysine, alanine, isoleucine, and aspartate) is separated by chromatography. Explain why only six spots show up when the chromatographic plate is coated with ninhydrin and heated.

Based on your answer to Assessment 2.22, would you expect a larger atom to be more or less electronegative than a smaller atom?

Given the Lewis structures, indicate the direction of the dipole moment, if there is one.

(e)