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Problem 21a,c,d
How many nonbonding electron pairs are there in each of the following molecules: (a) (CH3)2S (c) BF3 (d) SO2
Problem 21b
How many nonbonding electron pairs are there in each of the following molecules: (b) HCN
Problem 21b
How many nonbonding electron pairs are there in each of the following molecules: (b) HCN
- How many electron domains are surrounding the central atoms which adopt the following geometries? (d) trigonal bipyramidal.
Problem 22
- Give the electron-domain and molecular geometries of a molecule that has the following electron domains on its central atom: (a) four bonding domains and no nonbonding domains (b) three bonding domains and two nonbonding domains (c) five bonding domains and one nonbonding domain (d) four bonding domains and two nonbonding domains.
Problem 23
- What are the electron-domain and molecular geometries of a molecule that has the following electron domains on its central atom? (a) Three bonding domains and no nonbonding domains (b) Three bonding domains and one nonbonding domain (c) Two bonding domains and two nonbonding domains.
Problem 24
Problem 25a
Give the electron-domain and molecular geometries for the following molecules and ions: (a) BeF2
Problem 25b,c,d,e,f
Give the electron-domain and molecular geometries for the following molecules and ions: (b) AsCl5 (c) NO2- (d) CS2 (e) SF4 (f) BrF5
Problem 26
Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following molecules or ions, and predict their electron-domain and molecular geometries: (a) AsF3 (b) CH3+ (c) BrF3 (d) ClO3- (e) XeF2 (f) BrO2-
Problem 28a1
The figure that follows contains ball-and-stick drawings of three possible shapes of an AF4 molecule. (a) For each shape, give the electron-domain geometry on which the molecular geometry is based. i.
Problem 28a3
The figure that follows contains ball-and-stick drawings of three possible shapes of an AF4 molecule. (a) For each shape, give the electron-domain geometry on which the molecular geometry is based. iii.
Problem 28a2
The figure that follows contains ball-and-stick drawings of three possible shapes of an AF4 molecule. (a) For each shape, give the electron-domain geometry on which the molecular geometry is based. ii.
Problem 28c
The figure that follows contains ball-and-stick drawings of three possible shapes of an AF4 molecule. (c) Which of the following elements will lead to an AF4 molecule with the shape in (iii): Be, C, S, Se, Si, Xe? i.
ii.
iii.
Problem 29a
Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: (a)
Problem 29c
Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: (c)
Problem 30a
Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: (a)
Problem 30d
Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: (d)
Problem 31
Ammonia, NH3, reacts with incredibly strong bases to produce the amide ion, NH2-. Ammonia can also react with acids to produce the ammonium ion, NH4+. (a) Which species (amide ion, ammonia, or ammonium ion) has the largest H¬N¬H bond angle? (b) Which species has the smallest H¬N¬H bond angle?
- In which of the following AFn molecules or ions is there more than one F-A-F bond angle: PF6⁻, SbF5, SF4?
Problem 32
Problem 33a
(a) Explain why BrF4- is square planar, whereas BF4- is tetrahedral.
Problem 33b
(b) How would you expect the H¬X¬H bond angle to vary in the series H2O, H2S, H2Se? Explain. (Hint: The size of an electron pair domain depends in part on the electronegativity of the central atom.)
- Name the proper three-dimensional molecular shapes for each of the following molecules or ions, showing lone pairs as needed: (a) ClO2- (b) SO4 2- (c) NF3 (d) CCl2Br2 (e) SF4 2+
Problem 34
- What is the distinction between a bond dipole and a molecular dipole moment?
Problem 35
- Consider a molecule with the formula AX2. Supposing the A-X bond is polar, how would you expect the dipole moment of the AX2 molecule to change as the X-A-X bond angle decreases from 180° to 100°?
Problem 36
Problem 37a,b
(a) Does CS2 have a dipole moment? If so, in which direction does the net dipole point? (b) Does SO2 have a dipole moment? If so, in which direction does the net dipole point?
- (a) The PH3 molecule is polar. Does this offer experimental proof that the molecule cannot be planar? Explain.
Problem 38
Problem 38b
(b) It turns out that ozone, O3, has a small dipole moment. How is this possible, given that all the atoms are the same?
Problem 39b
(b) If you react BF3 to make the ion BF32-, is this ion planar?
Problem 39c
(c) Does the molecule BF2Cl have a dipole moment?
Problem 40a
(a) Consider the following two molecules: PCl3 and BCl3. Which molecule has a nonzero dipole moment?