Multiple Choice
The tRNA shown in the figure has its 3′ end projecting beyond its 5′ end. Which of the following processes will occur at this 3′ end?
15. Gene Expression
Introduction to Translation
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Many antibiotics work by blocking the function of ribosomes. Therefore, these antibiotics will:
A
Block DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells.
B
Block protein synthesis in prokaryotes.
C
Block RNA synthesis in prokaryotes.
D
Block viral DNA in prokaryotes.
E
Block protein synthesis in eukaryotes.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of ribosomes: Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins by linking amino acids together in the order specified by the mRNA.
Identify the target of antibiotics: Many antibiotics specifically target bacterial ribosomes, which are different from eukaryotic ribosomes, to inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria (prokaryotes).
Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells: Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, have ribosomes that are structurally different from those in eukaryotic cells, which include plants, animals, and fungi.
Analyze the options: Since the antibiotics block the function of ribosomes, they will specifically block protein synthesis. The correct context is in prokaryotes, as these antibiotics are designed to target bacterial ribosomes.
Conclude the correct answer: Based on the understanding that antibiotics target bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis, the correct answer is 'Block protein synthesis in prokaryotes.'
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