Multiple Choice
When the proton number and electron number are unequal, the atom or molecule __________.
2. Chemistry
Ionic Bonding
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When are atoms most stable?
A
When they have the fewest possible valence electrons
B
When they have the maximum number of unpaired electrons.
C
When the valence shell is completely full of electrons
D
None of the above.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that atoms are most stable when their outermost electron shell, known as the valence shell, is full. This is because a full valence shell means the atom has achieved a stable electronic configuration.
Recall that the valence shell is the outermost shell of an atom that contains electrons. The number of electrons in this shell determines the chemical properties and reactivity of the element.
Recognize that for most atoms, achieving a full valence shell means having 8 electrons, known as the octet rule. However, for hydrogen and helium, a full valence shell consists of 2 electrons.
Consider that atoms will often gain, lose, or share electrons through chemical reactions to achieve a full valence shell, leading to the formation of ions or covalent bonds.
Conclude that the correct answer to the problem is that atoms are most stable when their valence shell is completely full of electrons, as this configuration minimizes energy and maximizes stability.
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