Multiple Choice
Which statement is true about chemical reactions?
7. Energy and Metabolism
Chemical Reactions
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When one molecule is broken down into six component molecules, which of the following will always be true?
A
An input of free energy is needed.
B
ΔG is positive.
C
ΔH is negative.
D
ΔS is negative.
E
ΔS is positive.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of entropy (ΔS). Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system. When a molecule is broken down into smaller components, the disorder typically increases.
Recognize that breaking down a molecule into multiple smaller molecules usually results in an increase in entropy. This is because the smaller molecules can move more freely and occupy more possible states than a single larger molecule.
Consider the change in entropy (ΔS) during the process. Since the breakdown increases disorder, ΔS is positive, indicating an increase in entropy.
Evaluate the other options: An input of free energy is needed, ΔG is positive, and ΔH is negative. These are not always true for the breakdown of a molecule into smaller components.
Conclude that the correct answer is ΔS is positive, as the breakdown of a molecule into smaller parts increases the disorder of the system.
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