Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements about nutrition and digestion is true?
39. Digestive System
Digestion
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In vertebrates, food is moved along the length of the digestive system by __________.
A
active transport across cell membranes
B
diffusion and osmosis
C
sequential contraction of bands of skeletal muscles
D
sphincter contraction
E
peristalsis
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the function of the digestive system: The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and expelling waste. Movement of food through this system is crucial for these processes.
Identify the mechanism of movement: In vertebrates, the movement of food through the digestive tract is primarily achieved through a process called peristalsis.
Define peristalsis: Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food along the digestive tract. It involves the coordinated contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles in the walls of the digestive organs.
Differentiate peristalsis from other options: Unlike active transport, diffusion, osmosis, or skeletal muscle contractions, peristalsis specifically refers to the involuntary contractions of smooth muscles in the digestive tract.
Recognize the role of peristalsis: Peristalsis ensures that food is pushed forward through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, allowing for digestion and absorption to occur efficiently.
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