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Multiple Choice
The partial charges on a water molecule occur because of __________.
A
the achievement of a stable configuration by one atom of a bond but not by the other partner
B
covalent bonding
C
widespread ionization
D
the unequal sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and the oxygen atoms of a water molecule
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand that a water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, forming a bent shape.
Recognize that the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, meaning it has a stronger tendency to attract electrons.
In a water molecule, the electrons in the covalent bonds are shared unequally between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
This unequal sharing of electrons results in a partial negative charge (δ-) on the oxygen atom and a partial positive charge (δ+) on each hydrogen atom.
These partial charges create a polar molecule, which is why water has unique properties such as high surface tension and the ability to dissolve many substances.