Textbook Question
Identify the amino acid carried by tRNAs with the following anticodon sequences.
5′-AUG-3′
Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution64
- Ch. 2 - Transmission Genetics144
- Ch. 3 - Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity81
- Ch. 4 - Gene Interaction87
- Ch. 5 - Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes103
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages73
- Ch. 7 - DNA Structure and Replication71
- Ch. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing79
- Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation110
- Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic Chromosome Abnormalities and Molecular Organization100
- Ch. 11 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Homologous Recombination86
- Ch. 12 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage90
- Ch. 13 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes38
- Ch. 14 - Analysis of Gene Function via Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics72
- Ch. 15 - Recombinant DNA Technology and Its Applications69
- Ch. 16 - Genomics: Genetics from a Whole-Genome Perspective49
- Ch. 17 - Organelle Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes27
- Ch. 18 - Developmental Genetics43
- Ch. 19 - Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits66
- Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels105
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 9, Problem 9
What is the role of codons UAA, UGA, and UAG in translation? What events occur when one of these codons appears at the A site of the ribosome?
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the role of codons UAA, UGA, and UAG in the genetic code.
Understand that these codons are known as stop codons.
Explain that stop codons signal the termination of protein synthesis during translation.
Describe the process that occurs when a stop codon appears at the A site of the ribosome.
Discuss how release factors bind to the stop codon, leading to the release of the polypeptide chain from the ribosome.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Video duration:
1mWas this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Codons and Their Function
Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or signal the termination of protein synthesis. The codons UAA, UGA, and UAG are known as stop codons, which do not code for any amino acid but instead signal the ribosome to halt translation.
Recommended video:
Guided course
08:26
Functional Genomics
Translation Process
Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins by decoding mRNA. During translation, the ribosome moves along the mRNA, and tRNA molecules bring the appropriate amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain. The A site of the ribosome is where the incoming tRNA binds, and the presence of a stop codon here triggers the termination of translation.
Recommended video:
Guided course
08:39mRNA Processing
Termination of Translation
When a stop codon (UAA, UGA, or UAG) appears at the A site of the ribosome, it is recognized by release factors instead of tRNA. These factors promote the release of the newly synthesized polypeptide chain from the ribosome, leading to the disassembly of the translation complex and the completion of protein synthesis.
Recommended video:
Guided course
01:55Translation Termination
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify the amino acid carried by tRNAs with the following anticodon sequences.
5′-GAU-3′
Textbook Question
For each of the anticodon sequences given in the previous problem, identify the other codon sequence to which it could potentially pair using third base wobble.
Textbook Question
If a man and a woman are each heterozygous carriers of a mutation causing a disease on the RUSP list, what do you think are the three or four most important factors they should consider in their decision making about having children?
Textbook Question
Compare and contrast the composition and structure of bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes, identifying at least three features that are the same and three features that are unique to each type of ribosome.
Textbook Question
Suppose a man and a woman are each heterozygous carriers of a mutation causing a fatal hereditary disease not on the RUSP list. Prenatal genetic testing can identify the genotype of a fetus with regard to this disease and can identify fetuses with the disease. What do you think are the three or four most important factors this couple should consider in their decision making about having children?