Textbook Question
Suppose crossover occurs between the homologous chromosomes in the previous problem. At what stage of M phase do alleles D and d segregate?
Ch. 3 - Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution64
- Ch. 2 - Transmission Genetics144
- Ch. 3 - Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity81
- Ch. 4 - Gene Interaction87
- Ch. 5 - Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes103
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages73
- Ch. 7 - DNA Structure and Replication71
- Ch. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing79
- Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation110
- Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic Chromosome Abnormalities and Molecular Organization100
- Ch. 11 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Homologous Recombination86
- Ch. 12 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage90
- Ch. 13 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes38
- Ch. 14 - Analysis of Gene Function via Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics72
- Ch. 15 - Recombinant DNA Technology and Its Applications69
- Ch. 16 - Genomics: Genetics from a Whole-Genome Perspective49
- Ch. 17 - Organelle Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes27
- Ch. 18 - Developmental Genetics43
- Ch. 19 - Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits66
- Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels105
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 3, Problem 11a
Describe the role of the following structures or proteins in cell division:
Microtubules
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Microtubules are dynamic structures composed of tubulin proteins that play a critical role in cell division, particularly during mitosis and meiosis.
During prophase, microtubules form the mitotic spindle, which is essential for organizing and segregating chromosomes.
In metaphase, microtubules attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes and align them at the metaphase plate, ensuring proper chromosome positioning.
During anaphase, microtubules shorten, pulling sister chromatids apart toward opposite poles of the cell, ensuring equal distribution of genetic material.
Microtubules also contribute to cytokinesis by helping to position the cleavage furrow, which divides the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Microtubules
Microtubules are dynamic, tube-like structures made of tubulin protein subunits. They are a key component of the cytoskeleton and play a crucial role in maintaining cell shape, enabling intracellular transport, and facilitating cell division. During mitosis, microtubules form the mitotic spindle, which helps segregate chromosomes into daughter cells.
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Rearrangement Overview
Mitotic Spindle
The mitotic spindle is a structure composed of microtubules that orchestrates the separation of chromosomes during cell division. It forms during prophase and is responsible for attaching to chromosomes at their kinetochores, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes. Proper spindle function is essential for accurate cell division and genetic stability.
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Kinetochore
The kinetochore is a protein complex that assembles on the centromere of a chromosome during cell division. It serves as the attachment point for microtubules of the mitotic spindle, facilitating the movement of chromosomes. The interaction between kinetochores and microtubules is critical for the proper alignment and segregation of chromosomes, preventing errors that could lead to aneuploidy.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Alleles A and a are on one pair of autosomes, and alleles B and b are on a separate pair of autosomes. Does crossover between one pair of homologs affect the expected proportions of gamete genotypes? Why or why not? Does crossover between both pairs of chromosomes affect the expected gamete proportions? Why or why not?
Textbook Question
How many Barr bodies are found in a normal human female nucleus? In a normal male nucleus?
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Textbook Question
Describe the role of the following structures or proteins in cell division:
Cohesin protein
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Textbook Question
Describe the role of the following structures or proteins in cell division:
Kinetochores
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Textbook Question
Describe the role of the following structures or proteins in cell division:
Synaptonemal complex
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