Multiple Choice
Why is the four-stage hypothesis for the abiotic origin of life useful?
24. History of Life on Earth
History of Life on Earth
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The early atmosphere may not have been as reducing as originally postulated by Haldane, Oparin, Miller, and Urey. In light of current thinking about the composition of the early atmosphere, what is regarded as a likely place for the abiotic synthesis of organic molecules to have occurred?
A
Dust particles in the atmosphere
B
Banded iron formations
C
The surface of ancient oceans
D
Stromatolite mounds
E
Near volcanoes
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context: The early atmosphere's composition is crucial in determining where abiotic synthesis of organic molecules could occur. Originally, it was thought to be reducing, which would facilitate the formation of organic compounds.
Consider the role of volcanoes: Volcanoes release gases such as hydrogen sulfide, methane, and ammonia, which can create localized reducing environments even if the overall atmosphere is not reducing.
Evaluate the conditions near volcanoes: The heat and energy from volcanic activity can drive chemical reactions, potentially leading to the synthesis of organic molecules.
Compare with other options: Dust particles, banded iron formations, ocean surfaces, and stromatolite mounds may not provide the same combination of heat, energy, and reducing conditions as volcanic areas.
Conclude why volcanoes are likely: Given the localized reducing conditions and energy availability, volcanoes are considered a probable site for abiotic synthesis of organic molecules in the context of a non-reducing early atmosphere.
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