Your friend claims that all plants are autotrophs because they perform photosynthesis. Is that a correct statement? Explain.

An advantage of using fertilizers derived from natural sources is that these fertilizersa. have different minerals than artificial fertilizers.b. are retained in soil longer.c. are more soluble in water.d. are more concentrated.

Suppose that certain root cells have an overall charge that is more negative than normal. What impact would this likely have on the uptake of anions such as NO3−?a., Anions would be less likely to enter roots.b. Anions would be more likely to enter roots.c. This would have no impact on the ability of anions to enter roots.d. This would make anions and cations equally likely to enter roots.

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves ifa. the mineral is a micronutrient.b. the mineral is very mobile within the plant.c. the mineral is required for chlorophyll synthesis.d. the mineral is a macronutrient.

In a semester-long experiment tracking growth in plants, your lab partner—who often skips class—carefully records the mass of water added to a potted plant with the expectation that this addition will be fully accounted for in the mass gained by the plant. Is your lab partner right or wrong? Explain.

Two groups of tomatoes were grown under laboratory conditions, one with humus added to the soil and one a control without humus. The leaves of the plants grown without humus were yellowish (less green) compared with those of the plants grown in humus-enriched soil. The best explanation is thata. the healthy plants used the food in the decomposing leaves of the humus for energy to make chlorophyll.b. the humus made the soil more loosely packed, so water penetrated more easily to the roots.c. the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll.d. the heat released by the decomposing leaves of the humus caused more rapid growth and chlorophyll synthesis.

In what ways are a promoter and a start codon similar? In what ways are they different?

Why is it important for plants to exclude certain ions? Summarize the difference between active and passive exclusion mechanisms.

If the apples you buy are labeled 'organic,' does that tell you anything about how they were grown? About the nutritional content of the apples?