Multiple Choice
Which of the following can a virus do without a host cell?
17. Viruses
Viruses
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Restriction enzymes help defend bacteria against viral infections by __________.
A
preventing the binding of the virus to the cell surface
B
preventing entry of the viral DNA into the cell
C
preventing the synthesis of viral capsomeres in the cell
D
preventing integration of the viral genome into the host chromosome
E
cutting viral DNA once it has entered the cell
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of restriction enzymes: Restriction enzymes are proteins used by bacteria as a defense mechanism against viral infections. They recognize specific sequences in DNA and cut the DNA at or near these sites.
Identify the target of restriction enzymes: These enzymes specifically target viral DNA that enters the bacterial cell, recognizing specific sequences that are foreign to the host's own DNA.
Consider the mechanism of action: Once the viral DNA is inside the bacterial cell, restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific sites, which can inactivate the virus by disrupting its genetic material.
Differentiate from other defense mechanisms: Unlike other potential defense mechanisms such as preventing viral entry or integration, restriction enzymes act after the viral DNA has entered the cell.
Conclude the function: The primary function of restriction enzymes in bacterial defense is to cut the viral DNA, thereby preventing the virus from replicating and causing harm to the bacterial cell.
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