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Summarize the experimental evidence in sponges showing that animal cells adhere to each other selectively. Explain the molecular basis of selective adhesion.
10. Cell Signaling
Classes of Signaling Receptors
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Why does testosterone, a lipid-soluble / hydrophobic signaling molecule, not affect all cells in the body but only specific cells?
a) Only target cells have the cell surface receptor able to bind with testosterone.
b) Only target cells contain the genes regulated by testosterone.
c) Only target cells possess the phosphorylation cascade uniquely activated by testosterone.
d) Only target cells possess the intracellular receptor able to bind with testosterone.
A
Only target cells have the cell surface receptor able to bind with testosterone.
B
Only target cells contain the genes regulated by testosterone.
C
Only target cells possess the phosphorylation cascade uniquely activated by testosterone.
D
Only target cells possess the intracellular receptor able to bind with testosterone.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that testosterone is a lipid-soluble molecule, which means it can easily pass through the lipid bilayer of cell membranes.
Recognize that not all cells in the body are affected by testosterone because it requires specific receptors to exert its effects.
Identify that testosterone binds to intracellular receptors, which are located inside the target cells, rather than on the cell surface.
Note that only target cells have these specific intracellular receptors that can bind to testosterone, allowing it to influence gene expression and cellular function.
Conclude that the presence of these intracellular receptors in target cells is what enables testosterone to selectively affect certain cells, leading to specific physiological responses.
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