Which of the following is characteristic of endemic species?a. They are often found in biodiversity hot spots.b. They are distributed widely in the biosphere.c. They require edges between ecosystems.d. They are often keystone species whose presence helps to structure a community.

Which of the following currently poses the single greatest threat to biodiversity?a. invasive speciesb. overhuntingc. habitat lossd. pollution

What is a biodiversity 'hotspot'?a. an area where an all-taxon survey is under wayb. an area where an environmental sequencing study has been completedc. a habitat with high NPPd. an area with high species richness and high threat to those species

The burning of fossil fuels .a. releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere;b. primarily occurs as a result of human activity;c. is contributing to global warming;d. is possible thanks to photosynthesis that occurred millions of years ago;e. all of the above are correct

Current rates of species extinction appear to be approximately historical rates of extinction.a. equal to;b. 10 times lower than;c. 10 times higher than;d. 50 to 100 times higher than;e. 1000 to 10,000 times higher than

What is the primary threat in marine environments?

Which of the following strategies would most rapidly increase the genetic diversity of a population in an extinction vortex?a. Establish a reserve that protects the population's habitat.b. Introduce new individuals transported from other populations of the same species.c. Sterilize the least fit individuals in the population.d. Control populations of the endangered population's predators and competitors.

Ospreys and other top predators are most severely affected by pesticides such as PCBs because theya. are especially sensitive to chemicals.b. have very long life spans.c. store the pesticides in their tissues.d. consume prey in which pesticides are concentrated.

Why is the common phrase 'humans and animals' not accurate in biology? Suggest one way that a more scientific outlook could boost conservation efforts.