Multiple Choice
Avery and his colleagues' 1944 experiment showed that DNA __________.
14. DNA Synthesis
The Griffith Experiment
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During Griffith's experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae in mice, material from __________ bacteria transformed __________ bacteria.
A
living nonpathogenic; living pathogenic
B
living nonpathogenic; heat-killed pathogenic
C
living pathogenic; heat-killed nonpathogenic
D
heat-killed nonpathogenic; living pathogenic
E
heat-killed pathogenic; living nonpathogenic
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context of Griffith's experiment: Griffith was studying two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, one pathogenic (disease-causing) and one nonpathogenic (harmless).
Identify the key components of the experiment: The pathogenic bacteria were heat-killed, meaning they were no longer alive but still contained their genetic material. The nonpathogenic bacteria were living and harmless.
Recognize the transformation process: Griffith discovered that when he mixed heat-killed pathogenic bacteria with living nonpathogenic bacteria, the nonpathogenic bacteria were transformed into pathogenic bacteria.
Analyze the implications: This transformation suggested that some 'transforming principle' from the heat-killed pathogenic bacteria was taken up by the living nonpathogenic bacteria, allowing them to acquire the pathogenic trait.
Conclude the correct answer: The material from heat-killed pathogenic bacteria transformed the living nonpathogenic bacteria, demonstrating the process of transformation in bacteria.
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