Lysozyme, an enzyme found in human saliva, tears, and other secretions, catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ββ-1,4-glycosidic linkages in peptidoglycan. Predict the effect of this enzyme on bacteria and how it may be involved in human health.

Which of the differences listed here could be found among molecules of the same monosaccharide? Select True or False for each statement.T/F There is a difference in the orientation of a hydroxyl group in the ring form.T/F There is a difference in the number of carbons.T/F There is a difference in the position of the carbonyl group in the linear form.T/F There is a difference in the overall shape of the molecule—one is a ring and the other is linear.

VISUAL SKILLS Choose the term that correctly describes the relationship between these two sugar molecules: a. structural isomersb. cis-trans isomersc. enantiomersd. isotopes

Although cellulose and starch are identical in terms of stored chemical energy, our ability to harvest the energy from these two polysaccharides differs considerably. What is responsible for this difference?

Contrast the structure of glycogen and chitin in terms of their monosaccharides, glycosidic linkages, and interactions between polysaccharide chains.

Galactosemia is a potentially fatal disease that occurs in humans who lack the enzyme that converts galactose to glucose. If you were a physician treating a person with this disease, which of the following would you have them exclude from their diet?a. maltoseb. starchc. mannosed. lactose

If you hold a salty cracker in your mouth long enough, it will begin to taste sweet. What is responsible for this change in taste?

Sucrose is broken down in your intestine to the monosaccharides glucose and fructose, which are then absorbed into your blood. What is the name of this type of reaction? Using this diagram of sucrose, show how this would occur.