Multiple Choice
Which of the following processes includes all of the others?
6. The Membrane
Simple and Facilitated Diffusion
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Which of the following molecules is most likely to passively diffuse across the plasma membrane?
A
Glucose
B
Sodium ion
C
DNA
D
Hemoglobin
E
Carbon dioxide
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of passive diffusion: Passive diffusion is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the need for energy input. It occurs down the concentration gradient, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Identify the characteristics of molecules that can passively diffuse: Small, nonpolar molecules can easily pass through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. This is because the interior of the membrane is hydrophobic, allowing nonpolar molecules to pass through more readily.
Evaluate the given molecules: Consider the size, polarity, and charge of each molecule. Glucose is a large polar molecule, sodium ions are charged, DNA is a large and charged molecule, and hemoglobin is a large protein.
Consider carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a small, nonpolar molecule. Its nonpolar nature allows it to dissolve in the lipid bilayer and pass through the membrane without assistance.
Conclude which molecule can passively diffuse: Based on the characteristics of passive diffusion and the properties of the molecules, carbon dioxide is the most likely to passively diffuse across the plasma membrane.
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