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Multiple Choice
This chapter contains a lengthy discussion of the trp operon involved in regulating the synthesis of tryptophan. In the case of E. coli, the bacterium may need to synthesize tryptophan, or its host, a human, may supply all the tryptophan it needs. Why do both bacteria and humans need tryptophan?
A
It is important in inducing sleep.
B
It is an important constituent of cell walls in both humans and bacteria.
C
Tryptophan induces the lac operon.
D
It is an important enzyme in the glycolysis pathway.
E
It is one of the 20 amino acids used by all organisms to synthesize proteins.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the role of tryptophan: Tryptophan is one of the 20 standard amino acids used by organisms to synthesize proteins. Proteins are essential for various cellular functions, including structural roles, enzymatic activities, and signaling processes.
Recognize the importance of amino acids: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Each organism requires a set of amino acids to produce proteins necessary for survival and function.
Consider the biological context: Both bacteria like E. coli and humans need tryptophan because it is a precursor for protein synthesis. Without it, they cannot produce proteins effectively, which are crucial for maintaining cellular processes.
Evaluate the options given: The other options provided in the problem do not accurately describe the primary biological role of tryptophan. It is not involved in inducing sleep, forming cell walls, inducing the lac operon, or acting as an enzyme in glycolysis.
Conclude with the correct understanding: The correct reason why both bacteria and humans need tryptophan is because it is one of the amino acids required for protein synthesis, which is vital for life.