Begin by understanding the structure of the retina and the role of each type of cell involved in processing visual information.
Light first hits the photoreceptors, which are specialized cells in the retina responsible for converting light into electrical signals. These include rods and cones.
The electrical signals generated by the photoreceptors are then transmitted to bipolar cells. Bipolar cells act as intermediaries, relaying signals from photoreceptors to ganglion cells.
Next, the signals are passed from bipolar cells to ganglion cells. Ganglion cells are responsible for transmitting the visual information from the retina to the brain.
Finally, the axons of the ganglion cells converge to form the optic nerve, which carries the visual information to the brain for processing.