Open Question
Consider the endosymbiosis theory for the origin of the mitochondrion. How did each endosymbiotic partner benefit from the relationship?
5. Cell Components
Endosymbiotic Theory
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According to the endosymbiotic theory, which of the following is likely the ancestor of the mitochondria?
A
Aerobic eukaryotes.
B
Aerobic bacteria.
C
Anaerobic bacteria.
D
Cyanobacteria.
E
Chloroplasts.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the endosymbiotic theory: This theory suggests that certain organelles, like mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated as free-living bacteria that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.
Identify the function of mitochondria: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell, primarily involved in aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen to produce ATP.
Consider the characteristics of aerobic bacteria: Aerobic bacteria are capable of using oxygen for energy production, similar to the function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.
Evaluate the options: Aerobic eukaryotes are not likely ancestors because they are already complex cells. Anaerobic bacteria do not use oxygen, which does not align with mitochondrial function. Cyanobacteria are more closely related to chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are organelles themselves, not ancestors.
Conclude that aerobic bacteria are the most likely ancestors of mitochondria, as they share the ability to perform aerobic respiration, which aligns with the function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.
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