Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart2h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Steps of Translation

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Steps of Translation

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Multiple Choice

During translation, amino acid chain elongation occurs until __________.

no further amino acids are needed by the cell

all tRNAs are empty

the polypeptide is long enough

the ribosome encounters a "stop" codon

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the process of translation: Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template. It involves initiation, elongation, and termination phases.

Identify the role of codons: Codons are sequences of three nucleotides on the mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or signal termination. During elongation, tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome, matching their anticodons with the mRNA codons.

Recognize the significance of a 'stop' codon: A 'stop' codon is a specific sequence on the mRNA (such as UAA, UAG, or UGA) that signals the termination of protein synthesis. It does not code for an amino acid but instead instructs the ribosome to release the completed polypeptide chain.

Understand the termination process: When the ribosome encounters a 'stop' codon during translation, release factors bind to the ribosome, prompting it to release the newly synthesized polypeptide chain and disassemble the translation machinery.

Conclude the elongation phase: The elongation of the amino acid chain continues until the ribosome reaches a 'stop' codon, at which point the translation process is terminated, and the complete protein is released.