Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart2h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemiosmosis

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemiosmosis

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Multiple Choice

Energy for synthesizing ATP is obtained by ATP synthase directly from which of the following processes?

The oxidation of NADH and FADH₂

The oxidation of glucose

The movement of electrons through a series of carriers

The reduction of oxygen

The flow of H⁺ across the inner mitochondrial membrane through the ATP synthase enzyme

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand that ATP synthase is an enzyme located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, crucial for ATP production during cellular respiration.

Recognize that ATP synthase utilizes a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Identify that the proton gradient is established by the electron transport chain, where electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred through a series of carriers, pumping H+ ions into the intermembrane space.

Acknowledge that the flow of H+ ions back into the mitochondrial matrix through ATP synthase provides the energy needed for ATP synthesis.

Conclude that the direct source of energy for ATP synthase is the flow of H+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane, not the oxidation of NADH, FADH2, or glucose, nor the reduction of oxygen.